Explainable artificial intelligence-enhanced dual-mode electrochemical sensor for online monitoring of dimethoate
Abstract
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) uses small alternating-current perturbations to probe charge-transfer and mass-transport processes across frequencies. The physical mechanisms underlying EIS responses are governed by the measurement frequency range: high-frequency responses reflect rapid charge-transfer kinetics, whereas low-frequency signals reveal diffusion-controlled mass-transport processes. Leveraging machine learning to directly interpret these multiscale electrochemical signatures, this study reports an intelligent dual-mode sensing platform that bypasses conventional circuit-fitting workflows and enables sensitive detection of the organophosphate dimethoate. A composite gold nanoparticle/graphene (AuNPs/GR) interface enhances conductivity and electroactive surface area accelerate electron transfer and reduces the charge-transfer resistance (Rct), creating an optimal microenvironment for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biocatalysis. Molecular docking revealed potential Au-S interactions between AChE and gold nanoparticles and supported the binding of dimethoate at the enzyme's active site. A Tabular Prior Data Fitted Network-based machine-learning strategy optimized the analytical conditions. By integrating differential pulse voltammetry with EIS and developing a Bayesian-optimized Extreme Gradient Boosting for the latter, the model directly predicts Rct from raw EIS data and achieves full decision transparency through Shapley additive explanations. This…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in computer models (in silico), not in people. Its evidence level is 5 of 5 (Very low · case / narrative / animal / in vitro / in silico). Case reports, narrative reviews, and animal, cell or computer-model studies give the weakest evidence for human health.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Nano Biosensors: Properties, applications and electrochemical techniques
- Electrochemically Synthesized MIP Sensors: Applications in Healthcare Diagnostics
- Toward a Harmonization for Using in situ Nutrient Sensors in the Marine Environment
- Electrochemical determination of rutin by using NiFe2O4 nanoparticles-loaded reduced graphene oxide
- Application of Polyoxometalate-based composites for sensor systems: A review
- Sensitive Electrochemical and Thermal Detection of Human Noroviruses Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles Generated against a Viral Target
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.