Disposable Point-of-Care Electrochemical Sensor for Uric Acid Determination in Human Urine Utilizing a Pencil Graphite Electrode Modified with Polydopamine/ Gold Nanoparticles
Abstract
Point-of-care testing is an essential approach in clinical analysis due to its rapidity. In the current research and for the first time, we developed an electrochemical POC sensor for uric acid (UA) determination using pencil graphite electrode substrate modified via a facile self-polymerization of dopamine. Alkaline conditions were used to produce polydopamine inspired from mussel adhesive protein. The PDA-modified electrode was further decorated by electrodeposition of gold nanoparticles. Sensor surface characterization was conducted using surface characterization techniques like X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy imaging. In addition electrochemical characterization methods were performed utilizing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as well as cyclic voltammetry. The sensor yielded a reproducible voltammetric response upon using differential pulse voltammetry (linearity range: 5.0 × 10-5 mol L-1 - 5.0 × 10-4 mol L-1 of UA with 1.57 × 10–5 mol L-1 limit of detection). The developed sensor's benefits include decreased manufacturing cost and selectivity. Accurate and precise results were obtained upon application to human urine sample analysis
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