An Enzyme-Free, Portable and Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor based on Spinel FeCo2O4@Functionalized CNTs Supported on Nickel Mesh for Rapid Sensing of Urinary Uric Acid
Abstract
Uric acid (UA) is a critical biomarker for metabolic disorders, stipulating the need for the development of rapid and reliable sensing platforms. This study proposes a novel non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for rapid urinary UA detection. The electrochemical sensor is fabricated via the modification of nickel mesh (NM) with cobalt ferrite, FeCo2O4, and functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT)-nanocomposite, as Fe-Co/f-CNT@NM-based flexible sensor. The sensor delivered a high sensitivity of ~1513 µA mM-1 cm-2 with a limit of detection of 0.2 μM, and a wide linear range of 50 - 1000 µM in buffer and a high sensitivity of 832.3 µA mM-1 cm-2 in simulated urine samples. A high recovery of 85 - 111 % was achieved in real urine samples spiked with UA. The calculated error values (1.84 - 9.78 %) and the Bland-Altman plot analysis, between the clinical UA levels and those obtained by the proposed sensor confirm the reliability and applicability of the sensor in physiologically and clinically relevant conditions. The proposed FeCo/f-CNT@NM-based sensor offers a robust, portable and enzyme-free approach for accurate urinary UA detection even in a complex matrix. This paves a way for developing transformative sensing platforms for rapid, non-invasive point-of-care detection of biomarkers.
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