Aptamer-based Strategies for COVID-19 Detection and Treatment: A Systematic Review Study
Abstract
Aptamer-based strategies have emerged as promising tools for the detection
and treatment of COVID-19, offering advantages such as high specificity, sensitivity, and versatility.
This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and innovation of aptamer-based approaches
for COVID-19 detection and treatment.
Following the guidelines of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews and the
PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across multiple databases up to 2024.
The search included studies that utilized aptamers for the diagnosis or therapy of COVID-19. Screening
and selection of studies were performed independently by two reviewers, with any disagreements
resolved by a third reviewer. Data were extracted regarding study characteristics, aptamer details,
and outcomes.
In our systematic review, 98 studies from an initial pool of 1541 records met the inclusion
criteria for analysis. Aptamers, single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules with unique threedimensional
(3D) structures, were extensively explored for COVID-19 detection and treatment. Various
aptamer-based assays, including electrochemical sensors, surface plasmon resonance (SPR)
biosensors, and lateral flow assays, demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in detecting SARSCoV-
2 in clinical samples such as saliva, nasal swabs, and wastewater. Several aptamer structures
targeting viral proteins like the spike and nucleocapsid proteins were employed. Nucleic Acid Amplification
Techniques…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid.
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