Does cognition affect supervised and unsupervised mobility differently in people with Parkinson’s disease? A cross-sectional study
Abstract
The co-existence of cognitive and mobility impairments is frequent in people with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD). Cognitive functions are associated with different types of supervised mobility, but much less is known about unsupervised mobility. Mild-to-moderate PwPD, without severe cognitive impairment and not using walking aids, performed three hospital-based supervised mobility tasks: forward walking, instrumented timed-up-and-go (iTUG) with a lower-back-mounted inertial sensor and a 3-meter backward walking test. Forward walking speed (FWS), backward walking speed (BWS) and mean angular velocity (MAV) of the 180° turn during iTUG were calculated. Unsupervised mobility was monitored through average daily steps (AvDS) measured over 5 days by means of a commercial smartwatch (Garmin Vivosmart 4) in free-living conditions. Cognitive performance was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Word-Colour Stroop Test (WCST). Multivariable linear regression models with backward elimination method were used to evaluate how much variance of each mobility measure was explained by cognitive functions and the effect of other clinical and demographic variables. A total of 105 PwPD were recruited. Regarding supervised mobility, multivariable regressions revealed that cognitive functions explained 12.3% (P < 0.001), 12.4% (P < 0.001) and 15.0% (P < 0.001) variance of FWS, MAV and BWS, respectively. For unsupervised mobility, cognitive functions explained only 5.5% (P =…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause.
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