Electrochemical Sensor for Levetiracetam Therapeutic Monitoring in Biological Fluid Utilizing Molecular Imprinted Polymer Electrografted onto Pencil Graphite Electrode
Abstract
A newly-developed, molecularly imprinted copolymer (MIP) has been constructed and effectively employed as a highly-selective recognition element for anti-epileptic drug; levetiracetam (LEV) in low concentrations. The MIP sensor for LEV was fabricated via in-situ electrochemical co-polymerization of o-phenylenediamine (o-PD) and L-dopa as functional monomers in the presence of LEV as a template molecule onto pencil graphite electrode. UV-Spectrophotometric technique was carried out to inspect and assess the template-monomer binding interactions. The molecularly imprinted copolymer's structure and morphology were examined through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Multiple experimental parameters have been investigated and optimized in order to improve the sensor's responsiveness towards LEV. Utilizing differential pulse voltammetry, quantitative measurements of MIP-based LEV detection were achieved indirectly by measuring the decrease in response of redox probe upon binding of LEV to the 3D cavities of MIP in phosphate buffer saline pH 7.40. The method's validation was performed in accordance with ICH guidelines. The fabricated sensor showed a linear voltammetric response with a linearity range of (1.5 x10-12 – 1.0 x10-10 M). The sensor was able to effectively detect LEV in spiked artificial human saliva.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Nano Biosensors: Properties, applications and electrochemical techniques
- Electrochemically Synthesized MIP Sensors: Applications in Healthcare Diagnostics
- Toward a Harmonization for Using in situ Nutrient Sensors in the Marine Environment
- Electrochemical determination of rutin by using NiFe2O4 nanoparticles-loaded reduced graphene oxide
- Application of Polyoxometalate-based composites for sensor systems: A review
- Sensitive Electrochemical and Thermal Detection of Human Noroviruses Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles Generated against a Viral Target
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.