Design strategy and preparation of a conductive layered electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dobutamine, acetaminophen and amlodipine
Abstract
Abstract Cardiovascular disease is a class of diseases that involves the heart or blood vessels. It includes coronary artery diseases such as angina and myocardial infarction. In addition, hypertension is quantitatively the most important risk factor for premature cardiovascular disease. Dobutamine (DB) and amlodipine (AM) are medications commonly used for treating these diseases. Therefore, simultaneous determination of these drugs in presence of interfering compounds in biological fluids; paracetamol (PA), and ascorbic acid (AA) is essential for patients under medical treatment by these drugs. An innovative strategy is introduced for fabrication of a novel layered composite based on layer-by-layer modification of a glassy carbon electrode surface (GC) with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT), ionic liquid crystal (ILC), graphene (RGO) and 18-Crown-6 (CW); (GC/CNT/ILC/RGO/CW). The layered sensor exhibited excellent electro-catalytic activity for determination of AA in the drugs mixture and simultaneous determination of DB, PA, and AM in human serum in linear dynamic ranges; 0.4 → 40 μM, 0.02 → 40 μM, 0.001 → 20 μM and 0.008 → 30 μM with low detection limit values; 9.24 nM, 0.497 nM, 0.0906 nM and 0.139 nM, respectively and low quantification limit values; 30.8 nM, 1.66 nM, 0.302 nM and 0.463 nM, respectively. Further practical application was performed for quantitative analysis of AA, DB, PA and AM in their pharmaceutical formulations.
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