Green fabrication of 3D hierarchical blossom-like hybrid of peeled montmorillonite-ZnO for in-vitro electrochemical sensing of diltiazem hydrochloride drug
Abstract
Herein, a 3D hierarchical blossom-like of Montmorillonite-ZnO (MMt/ZnO) micro-hybrids modified sensors have been successfully fabricated as an extraordinarily electrochemical sensor for detecting of the Diltiazem hydrochloride (DZM.HCl). The 3D hierarchical blossom-like of ZnO and series of MMt/ZnO hybrids have been synthesized using different contents of MMt [FMZ1-5] via a hydrogel polymer template method using alginate ions. The effect of incorporation of different contents of MMt on the morphology, surface area of hybrids were investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area method, and High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The obtained hybrid [FMZ3] with 2.0% of MMt presented the most perfect blossom-like morphology and the highest surface area (190.06 m2/g) with the lowest resistivity. The hierarchical structure of [FMZ3] reveals nanospheres of ZnO with an average diameter of 5.49 nm, which are assembled into nanorods followed by assembling to form a blossom-like shape with the inclusion of MMt peeled layers inside the rod with d-spacing ranges from 1.1-7.4 nm. Meanwhile, the implemented modified sensor 1.0% [FMZ3] CPS retained excellent conductivity and electrocatalytic activity as appraised from the cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements. Consequently, the electrochemical behavior…
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