Exploring the molecular regulatory network of non-pathological fetal overgrowth phenotype in Holstein cattle derived from in vitro embryo production
Abstract
Abstract Background Calves derived from in vitro embryo production (IVP) often have higher birth weights than those produced by artificial insemination or in vitro embryo transfer, and are frequently accompanied by malformations, mortality, or dystocia in dams. However, a subset of calves exhibits only increased body weight without adverse health outcomes. This study focused on the non‑pathological fetal overgrowth phenotype, aiming to refine the understanding of abnormal birth weight in IVP calves and provide new perspectives and a theoretical basis for the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Results In this study, whole‑transcriptome, metabolomic, physiological, biochemical, and hormonal analyses were integrated to compare nine IVP calves with the non‑pathological fetal overgrowth phenotype and nine IVP calves with normal birth weight. The results demonstrated that increased birth weight in IVP calves was accompanied by prolonged gestation length in recipient dams, and multiple physiological, biochemical, and hormonal parameters were significantly altered. Untargeted metabolomics identified 3,259 metabolites, among which 132 differential metabolites were screened, including 82 significantly up‑regulated and 50 significantly down‑regulated metabolites. Two core regulatory axes were identified in the ceRNA network: circ36279‑bta‑miR‑431 (targeting SPON2, TNN, INSIG1, and AEN) and circ35151‑bta‑miR‑154b (targeting SHD, TBX2, and IL20RA). Integrative analysis revealed 5…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a preprint, done in animal and cell cultures (in vitro), not in people. Its evidence level is 5 of 5 (Very low · case / narrative / animal / in vitro / in silico). Case reports, narrative reviews, and animal, cell or computer-model studies give the weakest evidence for human health.
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