From Mouse to Man: Translational Value of Animal Models of Allergic Rhinitis
Abstract
Basic research directed at the study of each condition separately, as well as in tandem, is needed to fully understand the pathophysiology of allergic airways disease.AR is a unique pathophysiological entity that is part of a spectrum of atopic disease including eczema and asthma.The use of relevant animal models of allergic airways disease is necessary to provide the supportive data that defines the extent and nature of AR:asthma relationships.In the last decade, research efforts that focused on animal models of AR have begun to provide a scientific framework with which to understand the role of upper airways in allergic airways disease. Insights from animal models of allergic asthmaExtensive work in susceptible rodent strains using ovalbumin as the test allergen, or environmentally-relevant allergens (e.g., house dust mite, cockroach), has helped describe both the acute and chronic immune and inflammatory responses in pulmonary airways.The strengths and limitations of laboratory animal models has been debated (Shapiro 2006;Wenzel and Holgate 2006).Studies using mice, especially transgenics and knockout strains, have been important for understanding of the role of cytokines, adhesion molecules, and cell receptors in allergic inflammatory responses.Asthma is a chronic disease of inflammation that is marked by extensive airway remodeling.By comparison, most rodent models of asthma are relatively acute, with regular exposure to allergen challenges over a few days or weeks.As…
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