Drug Safety Issues Focusing on Liver and Pancreas Toxicity
Abstract
Background: Medications benefit people with diseases and medical conditions, improving many patients' lives and in some cases significantly increasing their quality of life. Despite these great benefits, medications can lead to serious adverse effects. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are the 4th leading cause of death, greater than major killers including pulmonary diseases, diabetes and automobile death. Not all medication groups have the same incidence in inducing diseases. Anti-infective agents - including antibacterial agents- are the most likely to induce diseases followed by cardiovascular agents and antineoplastic agents. Objectives: Drug safety is a very important issue in patient therapy. Since antibacterial agents in general and fluoroquinolones specifically are among the most prescribed medications, it is very important to quantify their risks in causing serious adverse reactions such as hepatotoxicity and pancreatitis. In terms of drug safety and preventing ADRs, costs are a very important factor because many conditions like hypoglycemia can be prevented, leading to significant decreases in cost and improvement in quality of life. Since there is a dearth of research that has examined these areas, epidemiological studies are needed. The objectives of the three proposed manuscripts of this dissertation were to a) estimate the risk of hepatotoxicity associated with fluoroquinolones use; b) examine antibacterial agents use and the risk of acute pancreatitis…
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