Estimación de dosis en exámenes de rayos x para neonatos en el Hospital Nacional dos de Mayo
Abstract
In this thesis we conducted research on neonates exposure to radiation during a chest radiograph X~ray in the intensive care unit (ICU), in order to estimate dose reference levels direct and scattered. This was registered all information relating to number of exams 1 month, ICU stay, and exposure parameters such as voltage, tube current, patient-focus distance and field size. Dose calculation depth surface and was evaluated by TLD dosimetry and physical simulator (phantom) water cylindrical diameter of 1 O cm and 30 cm in length, which simulates conditions of absorption and scattering of the body of an average size neonate. Also MCNP5 code is used based on the Monte Cario method for simulation and NCRP 147 technical guidance to calculate entrance surface dose. Results obtained sorne are near or below the reference levels of the Commission European 80uGy, however bcompared to previous publications and verify that the· dose can be optimized by applying high kV techniques, varying the field size and assessing the frequency of tests applied to neonates, and show that it is feasible to estimate and calculate dose at low energies with the methods developed.
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