Near normalization of peripheral blood markers in HIV-infected patients on long-term suppressive antiretroviral therapy: a case-control study
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To explore the differences in peripheral blood markers between HIV well-controlled patients on long-term suppressive antiretroviral therapy (HIV-group) and age-matched healthy controls (HC), to evaluate the benefits of virological suppression in those patients.
METHODS
We performed a case-control study in 22 subjects in HIV-group and 14 in HC-group. RNA-seq analysis was performed from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Peripheral blood T-cell subsets were evaluated by flow cytometry and plasma biomarkers by immunoassays. All p-values were corrected by the false discovery rate (FDR, q-values).
RESULTS
Only the serine/arginine repetitive matrix 4 (SRRM4) gene, which is involved in alternative RNA splicing events, was differentially expressed between HIV and HC groups (q-value≤0.05 and fold-change≥2). However, 147 differentially expressed genes were found with a more relaxed threshold (p-value≤0.05 and fold-change≥1.5), of which 67 genes with values of variable importance in projection (VIP)≥1 were selected for pathway analysis. We found that six ribosomal genes represented significant Ribosome-related pathways, all of them downregulated in the HIV-group, which may be a strategy to facilitate viral production. T-cells subset and plasma biomarkers did not show significant differences after FDR correction (q-value> 0.05), but a non-corrected analysis showed higher values of CD4 Treg cells (CD4CD25CD127), MCP-1, and sVEGF-R1 in the HIV-group (p-value≤0.05).…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case-control, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 22 participants or records.
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