Depression and anxiety among patients with epilepsy: A cross-sectional study from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
Background: It is well established that epileptic disorders are associated with a wide range of psychosocial issues that overburden the affected individuals and limit their lifestyle. This study aimed to determine the commonalities between depression and anxiety symptoms among patients with epilepsy (PWE). In addition, we assessed whether depression and anxiety rates varied depending on factors related to the disease. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2021 and March 2022 among all PWE at Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Hospital, and 147 patients who responded to the questionnaires were included for analysis (65.6% response rate). Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale (PHQ-9), while anxiety levels were measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7). Demographic variables such as sex, age, marital status, and factors related to epilepsy were also recorded. Results: The results showed that 39.5% and 27.9% of participants had major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), respectively. The presence of factors that increased susceptibility to seizures was associated with a greater expression of depression (P = 0.035) and anxiety (P = 0.002) symptoms. The presence of symptoms/signs that precede seizures was associated with a higher risk of moderate and severe depression (P = 0.001) and moderate and severe anxiety (P < 0.001). Irregular use of medications was…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 147 participants or records.
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