Dietary patterns, beliefs and behaviors among individuals with inflammatory bowel disease: a cross-sectional study
Abstract
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to a group of incurable, gastrointestinal diseases, common among young adults. The purpose of this study was to describe dietary intake, self-modifications, and beliefs among adults ages 18–35 with IBD and to compare those with active versus inactive disease. National guidelines for daily intake include: 34g of fiber for males and 28g of fiber for females, 3oz of whole grains, 1,000mg of calcium, <10% of added sugars, 3 cups of dairy, 2.5 cups of vegetables, and 2 cups of fruit. Methods: Individuals with a diagnosis of IBD were recruited online using convenience sampling (N=147). Data included a dietary screening questionnaire, self-directed diet modifications, dietary beliefs questionnaire, and demographics. Chi-square and t-tests were used to compare those with active versus inactive disease. Results: The sample was predominantly female (90%) and diagnosed with Crohn’s disease (64%). Daily intake for females was 9.7 gm fiber, 0.3 oz whole grains, 683.8 gm calcium, 1.1 cups vegetables, and 0.5 cups fruit. Daily intake for males was 14.2 gm fiber, 0.4 oz whole grains, 882.9 gm calcium, 1.4 cups vegetables, and 0.5 cups fruit. Participants most often modified fiber (73%), fruits and vegetables (71%), grains (67%), and dairy (66%) due to their IBD. 83% believed that modifying their diet could reduce IBD symptoms. Conclusions: Both men and women with IBD struggle to meet the national guidelines for intake of fiber, whole…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 147 participants or records.
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