P-147. Clinical Outcomes of Typhlitis: A Large Single Center Case Series
Abstract
Abstract Background Typhlitis, or neutropenic enterocolitis, is a life-threatening infection that occurs in neutropenic patients, particularly those with hematologic malignancies receiving chemotherapy. While typhlitis is hypothesized to arise from intestinal mucosal injury and microbial translocation, its pathogenesis is not fully understood. The available evidence consists predominantly of reviews compiling case reports. We performed a descriptive case series of a relatively large cohort while applying novel scoring systems to characterize neutropenia and antibiotic exposure.Table 1 Demographic data of typhlitis patients.Table 2 Microbiology data of typhlitis cases. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed to identify oncology patients diagnosed with typhlitis at UC-Davis Medical Center from 2015 to 2022. Abstracted data included diagnoses, clinical and microbiology results, antimicrobial use, any resultant delays in subsequent chemotherapy, and mortality. Neutropenia severity was further characterized using the previously published D-index. Type and duration of antibiotic use was used to calculate antibiotic spectrum index (ASI). Results 53 patients (62 episodes of typhlitis) were included in the analysis (M=25, F=28). The median age was 53 years and 87% of patients had hematologic malignancy. Nine patients had two diagnosed episodes of typhlitis. In-hospital mortality was 21% and all-cause mortality was 60% at the most recent follow up. The median D-index in…
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