Pediatric Case Series of Cystic Fibrosis and Type 1 Diabetes Autoimmunity
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is the most common comorbidity in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) Autoimmunity was reported to be no greater in CF related diabetes (CFRD) than in the general population and routine screening for type 1 diabetes (T1D) antibodies is not recommended. We report 3 patients with CF, diabetes and T1D autoimmunity. Clinical cases: Patient 1 and 2 are Caucasian siblings with CF, genotype ∆F5homozygous and pancreatic insufficiency. Patient 1 is a male who presented at age 16 with polyuria, polydipsia and weight loss. Fasting glucose was 350 mg/dL. C peptide was 1.1 ng/ml and Hba1c was >14%. T1D antibodies showed (Anti GAD 147, negative Islet cell antigen antibody 512 (IA2), ZNT8 and insulin antibodies). Current insulin requirement at age 22 is 0.8 units/kg/day with Hba1C ranging from 6.7-12.0%. Patient 2 is a female diagnosed with CFRD at age 9 with an oral glucose tolerance test. Fasting glucose was 92 mg/dL and 2-hour glucose 209 mg/dL. C peptide 7.1 ng/ml. Hba1c 6.7%. T1D antibodies were negative at presentation. At age 14, because of increase in insulin requirement, T1D antibodies were retested and positive (Anti GAD 31, IA2 52, znt8 0.955). Her current insulin dose at age16 is 0.7units/kg/day with Hba1c ranging 6.7-12.7%. Patient 3 is a prepubertal biracial (African American, Caucasian) female with CF, genotype 1 copy of ∆F5and 1 copy of ∆I507, pancreatic insufficiency and Hashimoto’s hypothyroidism. She presented at age 9 with polyuria, polydipsia and…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case series, done in people. Its evidence level is 5 of 5 (Very low · case / narrative / animal / in vitro / in silico). Case reports, narrative reviews, and animal, cell or computer-model studies give the weakest evidence for human health.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Global, regional, and national burden of hepatitis B, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- A meta‐analysis of anal cancer incidence by risk group: Toward a unified anal cancer risk scale
- Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
- Exercise interventions in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
- Prognostic Significance of Carbonic Anhydrase IX Expression in Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis
- Glucocorticoid Resistance: Is It a Requisite for Increased Cytokine Production in Depression? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.