Treatment outcomes and safety of clofazimine in nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD)
Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections are difficult to treat and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Reported success rates with guideline-based therapy vary depending on NTM species and up to 70% experience treatment related side effects. There is limited data on the safety and efficacy of clofazimine, a commonly used second line drug in the treatment of NTM pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). All patients with NTM-PD treated with clofazimine between June 2017 and June 2022 across five major metropolitan hospitals were analysed to determine the success rates of clofazimine containing regimens and associated adverse events, in the treatment of NTM-PD. A total of 157 patients were included in the analysis. Clofazimine was used as first line therapy in 93 patients (59%), substitution therapy in 29 patients (19%) and as add-on therapy in 35 patients (22%). Of the 147 patients with a treatment outcome recorded, 88 patients (56%) had successful treatment outcomes (61% [65/106] with Mycobacterium avium complex; 56% [19/34] of patients with M. abscessus infection). Success was more likely when clofazimine was used in a first line treatment regimen (62%) or as a substitute treatment (68%) than as salvage therapy (47%). Adverse events were reported in 50% (79/157) of patients, mostly dermatological (41/157, 26%) and gastrointestinal (36/157, 23%). 21 patients (13%) discontinued clofazimine due to an adverse event. The inclusion of clofazimine in treatment…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Global, regional, and national burden of hepatitis B, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- A meta‐analysis of anal cancer incidence by risk group: Toward a unified anal cancer risk scale
- Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
- Exercise interventions in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
- Prognostic Significance of Carbonic Anhydrase IX Expression in Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis
- Glucocorticoid Resistance: Is It a Requisite for Increased Cytokine Production in Depression? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.