Temporal and Environmental Drivers for Survival of Escherichia coli in Florida Soils Amended with Heat-Treated Poultry Pellets and Composted Poultry Litter
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that field environmental conditions influence pathogen survival in the soils amended with biological soil amendments of animal origin (BSAAOs). To address this, a two-year completely randomized design field study in Florida was conducted with plots amended with heat-treated poultry pellets (HTPP), composted poultry litter (PL), unamended (UN), all inoculated with Escherichia coli. Onion bulbs were transplanted into selected HTPP plots (O-HTPP) and field cured after harvesting. Soil samples were enumerated for E. coli on days 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, 84, 112, 140, 147 (harvest day), 161 (after curing). The E. coli data was used to fit a linear mixed effect model (LME) with five weather variables: cumulative rainfall (cmrain4), average air temperature (at601234), relative humidity (RH1234), wind speed (W1), soil temperature (ast1). Overall, E. coli levels were 1.8 and 1.6 log10CFU or MPN/g higher in HTPP than UN plots in Year 1 and Year 2. The LME for soil amendment plots identified weather parameters that significantly influenced E. coli survival; cmrain4 and W1 increased and decreased survival by 0.698 and 0.712 log10CFU or MPN/g (p<0.01), in Year 1. In the LME that compared plots with and without onions, W1 significantly increased survival in soils by 0.504 log10CFU or MPN/g (p<0.05) in Year 1 (p<0.05). These robust LME models (R2: 0.88-0.92) can predict the E. coli population in soils amended with poultry-litter based amendments with or without…
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