Potential risks from exposure to organic compounds in indoor air
Abstract
This report is a preliminary assessment of the potential risks of cancer, reproductive effects, and miscellaneous toxic effects from exposures to individual organic compounds which have been detected in indoor air. Published data in indoor concentrations of organic compound were compiled. The principal basis for estimates of cancer were data from animal studies. Potency factors used in the risk calculations were estimated by EPA and by other authors. EPA potency factors were estimated by ''unit risk,'' the lifetime risk to humans from daily inhalation of a unit concentrations (e.g., 1 ..mu..g/m/sup 3/). A TD50 is defined as the daily dose rate that would induce tumor in half the test animals that would have remained tumor-free at zero dose. TD50s were converted to ''human equivalent inhalation'' TD50s to estimate cancer risks for median and maximum concentrations. Maximum likelihood (MLE) risks and 95% upper confidence limit risks were also calculated. For reproductive effects, the ''lowest effective dose'' (LED) in animals was converted to a ''human equivalent inhalation'' dose and compared to the maximum and the mean or median indoor concentrations reported for that compound. Based on the limited data available, it is concluded that risks of adverse health effects do not appear to be large in the great majority of homes. In some fraction of homes, however, a significant health risk may exist. 60 refs., 5 figs., 13 tabs.
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