Recent advances in C-5 curcuminoids: derivatives and their pharmacological interventions
Abstract
Curcumin (Diferuloylmethane) a phenolic compound, an active component of turmeric, has been extensively explored for its wide range of biological activities due it its nontoxic nature even at high concentrations. It has been reported to demonstrate anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, anti-oxidant, anti osteoporosis, antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-cancerous properties. This compound has excellent therapeutic potential but the facts which constrains its use as a therapeutic agent include poor stability in vivo, low bioavailability and high rate of metabolism. In vivo studies established the fact that curcumin gets degraded into inactive metabolites. Many modifications have been done in curcumin to improve drawbacks of natural curcumin among which one approach is to modify 7 carbon spacer (C-7) diketone moiety by 5 carbon spacer (C-5) moiety and preparing its open chain, homocyclic and heterocyclic analogues to study its implications on biological activities. The promising biological activities of such derivatives prompted medicinal chemists to further explore the possible modification in thrust to get lead molecule for further studies. The various modifications included symmetrical and unsymmetrical C-5 analogues. The modification was also done by preparing acyclic as well as cyclic analogues of C-5 curcumin including homocyclic and heterocyclic analogues. Promising and diverse biological activities of these derivatives further encouraged medicinal chemists to explore the…
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